Cairo is the most populous city in Africa and the Middle East, with a population of more than 20 million people. It has been called the “City of a Thousand Minarets” or the “Mother of the World” - not just the Islamic world, of which it is the largest centre, but it is a city that grew on the Nile, the life-giving river of the ancient Egyptians.

Egypt

The town was originally called Kraal Marandelli, it was located in the territory of the VaRozvi people. The British, having occupied Africa, made it a stopover on their way to Harare.

A hill in the Central Apennines, at the foot of which is the town of Cassino. The name comes from the Roman ‘cassa’ meaning house, shelter.

Italy

Shahrisabz, a town on the Kashka-Daria River with centuries-old links to the Silk Road, is known to history buffs mainly as the birthplace of Timur the Lame, also known as Tamerlan. This brutal conqueror and creator of a vast empire left an indelible mark on the region. It is from the first period of his reign that the magnificent ruins of the summer palace, which can still be seen in the town, originate.

Tockoye is a village located on the Samara River, in south-western Russia, in the Orenburg region, where the conventional Europe-Asia boundary runs. Quite unexpectedly, a settlement like many others became part of the history of Polish pilgrimage during World War II when, following the Sikorski-Mayski Agreement, Joseph Stalin agreed to release Poles imprisoned in his empire.

Turkmenbashy is a port in the Caspian Sea basin, located on the bay of the same name. The name of the town and bay was changed in 1993 in honour of Saparmurat Niyazov, the long-time president of Turkmenistan, who began to call himself the “leader of the Turkmen”, i.e. Türkmenbaşy. It was previously known as Krasnovodsk, after the “red waters” of the Caspian Sea. This was a direct translation of the former local name Kyzyl-Su.

“It is a matter of national honour for Hungary not to take part in any military action against Poland” - said Pál Teleki, a Hungarian politician, Minister of Education and twice Prime Minister of Hungary between 1920-1921 and 1939-1941.

Hungary

The name of the country Argentina derives from the Latin word argentum, meaning silver - plata in Spanish, and is linked to the legend of the mountains full of silver sought by the Spanish and Portuguese conquistadors. However, Argentina appears on the map for the first time in 1536, when it is marked by Venetian merchants.

Argentina

1 September 1939 changed the face of Europe forever. At dawn, German troops entered the Republic of Poland, starting the bloodiest conflict in the history of the world. 17 days later, another blow fell on Poland - Soviet troops attacked the eastern borders of the country. Polish lands were plundered, but the Poles never gave up hope for freedom.

Poland

Israel’s largest city, the administrative capital of the Jerusalem District, and the capital of the State of Israel. Jerusalem is the holy city of three religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. During the Second World War, Jerusalem became a refuge for thousands of Poles.

Israel